One of Iran’s longest rivers

Today I want to talk to you about one of Iran’s most fascinating natural places.
One of Iran’s longest rivers, which is considered both a crucial natural thing and a unique tourist attraction
Before this, it is good to know what a river is.

What is a river?

A river is a freshwater that flows on land and usually into the sea. This water flows in a channel. The bottom of the channel is called the bed, and the sides of the track are called the bank of the river.
Rivers begin at their source in higher ground, such as mountains or hills. This is where rainwater or melted snow collects and forms small streams.

ZayandehRud River (Iran’s longest rivers)

Iran’s longest rivers: Zayandeh-Rud River is one of the most important rivers in Iran, passing through various provinces and cities and dividing the city of Isfahan into northern and southern halves. Numerous bridges have been built over this river from ancient times to the present day, which is among the most important tourist attractions of Isfahan, bringing great joy and freshness to the city. Unlike all other rivers, Zayandeh-Rud ends up in an inner desert region of the country and comes to a standstill instead of flowing into the sea and continuing its life cycle.

Sheikh Bahai’s famous map and the water distribution of Zayandeh-Rud are among the most prominent examples of Iran’s cultural heritage and indicate the vital importance of this river from the perspective of the local people throughout history. In recent years, this river has faced challenges such as drought, environmental crises, and inadequate management. We continue to introduce you to Zayandeh-Rud River and its bridges.

Where is Zayandeh-Rud located?

Zayandeh-Rud is the largest and most water-rich river in the Central Plateau of Iran. It originates from the Central Zagros Mountains, flows eastward through the Central Desert of Iran, and eventually reaches the Gavkhouni wetland. This river, with a length of 360 kilometers, passes through the provinces of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Lorestan, Isfahan, and Yazd, as well as the cities of Kuhrang, Farsan, Ben, Saman, Chadegan, Lenjan, Isfahan, Falavarjan, Khomeini Shahr, and Mobarakeh.

The Zayandeh-Rud watershed covers an area of 41,500 square kilometers in Iran, and under favorable conditions, it carries a water flow of 1.2 cubic kilometers per year or 38 cubic meters per second. This river is also known by various names such as Zende Rud, Zandak Rud, Zarineh Rud, Zarn Rud, Zandarud, Zarinehrood, and Zen Rud, and was listed as the 100th natural heritage site in the list of Iran’s natural heritage on February 9th, 2011. Iran’s longest rivers

Where does Zayandehrud come from?

Zayandeh Rud is one of the largest rivers in Iran, flowing from west to east in the province of Isfahan and considered a vital source of greenery and fertility for the region. This river has several springs outside of Isfahan.

One of the main sources of Zayandeh Rud is the Plasjan River in the west of Isfahan, which is formed by the convergence of two main branches. One branch, called the Fereydan River, originates from the Langan and Sarab springs in Fereydunshahr, and the second branch is the Booein River, which originates from Afoos in the Booein-Miandasht district. The waters of these two springs combine near the village of Sadeghiyeh in Fereydunshahr. After passing through several villages in Fereydunshahr and Fereydun, the Plasjan River eventually joins Zayandeh Rud near the village of Mashhad Kaveh in the Chaharbagh district (locally known as Kamitek). The Plasjan River is the main source of agricultural water in this area.The main source of the Plasjan River is located in the foothills of the Zardkuh Bakhtiari mountains (part of the Golpayegan mountains) between the provinces of Isfahan and Lorestan. This circular basin-shaped spring covers an area of about 300 acres and is known as “Cheshmeh-e Janan”. The water from this spring flows towards the east and passes another spring called “Chahar Cheshmeh” after a distance of three kilometers. Additionally, two other large springs named “Khoorsang” and “Kodang” from the north of this region (Fereydun district) merge with the Janan spring.

Zarrin Rud is also one of the main sources of Zayandeh Rud, which originally flowed into the Karun River. According to historical documents, Shah Abbas the Great ordered Mir Fazlollah Shirazi, the governor of Isfahan, to divert the Zarrin Rud River to Zayandeh Rud by digging a route through the mountains. However, his attempts were unsuccessful. Eventually, with the construction of tunnels in the Kuhrang mountains, the water from Zarrin Rud was added to Zayandeh Rud as a branch. The source of this branch is located beneath the Zardkuh Bakhtiari mountain range in the Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Therefore, it can be said that approximately 50 percent of the current watersupply of Zayandeh Rud comes from the Karun River sources. Iran’s longest rivers

Zayandeh Rud originates from three springs: Dimeh, Kuhrang, and Khurbe. In the years following World War II, a study was conducted to transfer water from Zarrin Rud to the Zayandeh Rud basin. After the design and construction of the diversion dam and the first tunnel by consulting engineers Alexander Gibb, the system became operational in 1953. The system consisted of a diversion dam and a 2,900-meter tunnel that annually transferred about 255 million cubic meters of water to the Zayandeh Rud basin.

The design and construction of the second diversion dam and tunnel in Kuhrang was also carried out by consulting engineers Sogra, and the system became operational in 1985. With the completion of the Marbaran Dam and tunnel and the transfer of 115 million cubic meters of water from the Marbaran and Kalanjin springs to this dam, the second Kuhrang dam and tunnel annually transfer about 255 million cubic meters of water to the Zayandeh Rud reservoir. The length of the second tunnel is 2.8 kilometers with a diameter of 4.2 meters.

In the 1960s, consulting engineers from Zabandab and Tehran Berkeley examined the design and construction of the third Kuhrang dam and tunnel. The tunnel became operational in 1377 and annually transfers about 255 million cubic meters of water to the Zayandeh Rud reservoir, which is regulated by the Zayandeh Rud Isfahan dam to help address the water scarcity problem in central Iran and for drinking, industrial, and agricultural purposes. This operation is still ongoing.

The Maragheb River is the last permanent river that flows into the Zayandeh Rud. It originates from the Maragheb spring, located in the town of Asgaran in the Tiran and Karvan county, 85 kilometers west of Isfahan. The Maragheb spring, covering an area of 30 hectares, is a popular tourist attraction and a nature lover’s paradise. It is fed by the perpetual snow of the mountains and has water throughout the year. After flowing for 100 kilometers, it joins the Zayandeh Rud, contributing the largest water flow to the river as it enters Isfahan province. In addition to the Maragheb River, other tributaries such as Chamedareh, Ghazi Kuchak valley, and numerous karstic limestone springs also flow into the Zayandeh Rud.

Where does Zayandeh-Rud end?

Iran’s longest rivers : The volcanic waters flowing from the Zagros and Balochistan mountains, destined for the Indian Ocean and the formation of large wetlands in Iran, including the Gavkhouni wetland, have caused this wetland to be located near the sandy hills of Sarazir, 140 kilometers north of Isfahan and 30 kilometers northeast of Varnze. The largest part of this wetland and marshland is in Isfahan province, with a part of it located in Yazd province. Gavkhouni is a name that is formed from two parts, “Gav” meaning big and “Khani” meaning well or spring, and due to its wide depth in some areas, it used to be a hunting ground for various wild animals in the past. This wetland, with a length of 25 kilometers, appears as a triangle or pear shape from above, and is located at an altitude of 1470 meters above sea level. Its maximum depth reaches 5.1 meters during periods of high water, while its minimum depth in some areas is 100 centimeters. Despite its extensive area, Gavkhouni wetland is a very appealing and mysterious area that has always been the center of attention for visitors and tourists.

Zayandeh-Rud in the Persian language(Iran’s longest rivers)

Now that you know where Zayandeh Rood is, it is perfect to learn what Zayandeh Rood is in Persian and some Persian sentences about rivers.

ZayandeRud : زاینده رود  /zaayanderud/

ZayandeRud is very beautiful : زاینده رود خیلی زیبا است /zaayanderud kheili zibaa ast/

Well, I hope you have learned and this article will be helpful for you.

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